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ASTM B16 Details

B16 Engine poppet valve information report - Poppet valves control combustion chamber induction and exhaust gas flow in reciprocating combustion engines. Poppet valves are manufactured from iron, nickel, titanium, and cobalt-base metallic alloys that are often welded together in various combinations.


Martensitic and austenitic steels are used for intake valves. Specially designed high temperature martensitic alloys, austenitic alloys, and superalloys are used for exhaust valves.

Titanium alloys have been used for both intake and exhaust valves in some limited production, high performance applications. Special iron, nickel, and cobalt-base alloys are welded to many of the valve head alloys to improve seat face wear and corrosion resistance

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The majority of intake valves for all applications are one-piece construction that also has significant usage in spark ignition engine exhaust valves.


ASTM B16 Standard Download

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B16 Application:B16 Engine poppet valve information report
Category Type Grade Designations
Grades Structural Steel B16 USA - ASTM , ASTM A193/A193M - Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for High Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other Special Purpose Applications
SAE J 775 - Engine poppet valve information report
Chemical composition(mass fraction)(wt.%)
Elements Min.(≥) Max.(≤) Similar Remarks
C 0.36 0.44
Si 0.15 0.35
P - 0.04
S - 0.04
Mn 0.45 0.70
Cr 0.75 1.20
Mo 0.15 0.25
Cu - 0.25
Mechanical properties of grade B16
Proof strength
Rp0.2 (MPa)
Tensile strength
Rm (MPa)
Impact energy
KV (J)
Elongation at fracture
A (%)
Reduction in cross section on fracture
Z (%)
As-Heat-Treated Condition Brinell hardness (HBW)
546 (≥) 364 (≥) 23 14 13 Solution and Aging, Annealing, Ausaging, Q+T,etc 414
Physical properties of grade B16
Property Density
kg/dm3
Temperature T
°C/F
Specific heat
J / kgK
Thermal conductivity
W/mK
Electric resistance
µΩ·cm
Modulus of elasticity
kN/mm2
Expansion rate
919 (≥) 292 (≥) 31 32 14 Solution and Aging, Annealing, Ausaging, Q+T,etc 114
Temp.
°C/°F
Creep strain limit
(10000h)
(Rp1,0) N/mm2
Creep rupture strength
(10000h)
(Rp1,0) N/mm2
226 877 346
B16 Range of products
Product type Products Dimension Processes Deliver Status
Plates / Sheets Plates / Sheets 0.08-200mm(T)*W*L Forging, hot rolling and cold rolling Annealed, Solution and Aging, Q+T, ACID-WASHED, Shot Blasting
Steel Bar Round Bar, Flat Bar, Square Bar Φ8-1200mm*L Forging, hot rolling and cold rolling, Cast Black, Rough Turning, Shot Blasting,
Coil / Strip Steel Coil /Steel Strip 0.03-16.0x1200mm Cold-Rolled & Hot-Rolled Annealed, Solution and Aging, Q+T, ACID-WASHED, Shot Blasting
Pipes / Tubes Seamless Pipes/Tubes, Welded Pipes/Tubes OD:6-219mm x WT:0.5-20.0mm Hot extrusion, Cold Drawn, Welded Annealed, Solution and Aging, Q+T, ACID-WASHED
Cross Reference Table(Equivalent Grade)
Grade Standard Country Application
X5CrNiCuNb16-4 B.S. UK
Open die steel forgings for general engineering purposes - Part 4: Stainless steels
1.4542 B.S. UK
Open die steel forgings for general engineering purposes - Part 4: Stainless steels
X5CrNiCuNb16-4 AFNOR France
Open die steel forgings for general engineering purposes - Part 4: Stainless steels
1.4542 AFNOR France
Open die steel forgings for general engineering purposes - Part 4: Stainless steels
X7CrNiMoBNb16-6 AFNOR France
Creep resisting steels, nickel and cobalt alloys
1.4986 DIN Germany
Heat Resisting and Highly Heat Resisting Materials for Bolts and Nuts
X8CrNiMoBNb16-16 DIN Germany
Heat Resisting and Highly Heat Resisting Materials for Bolts and Nuts
X7CrNiMoBNb16-16 DIN Germany
Heat Resisting and Highly Heat Resisting Materials for Bolts and Nuts
X5CrNiCuNb16-4 ISO International
Stainless steels - Chemical composition
17-4PH, 1.4542, X5CrNiCuNb16-4 AMS USA
Steel, Corrosion-Resistant, Investment Castings 16Cr - 4.1Ni - 0.28Cb (Nb) - 3.2Cu Homogenization, Solution, and Precipitation Heat Treated (H1100) 130 ksi (896 MPa) Tensile Strength (17-4)
B16 ASTM USA
B16 Engine poppet valve information report

Relevant products

B16 Equivalent Grade Stock

Steel grade Dimension Shape Unit Quantity Delivery state Query
B16 Round Bar Stock Select 0 Select Enquiry